考研真题对考生来讲是非常重要的参考资料，它能更好地帮助大家了解所学知识，所以在备考时候要多做些真题，对高频考点有所了解，更有针对性的做好备考工作，mbacnn硕博君整理了“2024年考研英语（二）真题”，希望对大家有所帮助。

2024年考研英语（二）真题及答案解析回忆版

　　Section I Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark, A.B.Cor D on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

　　Your social life is defined as the activities you do with other people, for pleasure, when you are notworking. It is important to have a social life, but what is right for one person won't be right for another. Someof us feel energised by spending lots of time with others.  1   some of us may feel drained, even if it's doingsomething we enjoy.

　　This is why finding a    2      in your social life is key. Spending too much time on your own, not    3    others, can make you feel lonely and     4    .loneliness is known to impact on your mental health and    5  low mood. Anyone can feel lonely at any time. This might be especially true if,   6    you are working fromhome and you are    7    on the social conversations that happen in the office. Other life changes also    8    periods of loneliness too, such as retirement, changing a job or becoming a parent.

　　9    making access both in and out buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps to reduce the total area  10  by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these    11  _allow smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to    12    clear the way for a large, sticking-out door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each  13  relying on specific signals to tell them when to open.     14    these methods differ, the main    15      principles remain the same.

　　Each automatic door system    16    the light, sound, weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal. Sensor-types are chosen to  17  the different environments they are needed in.    18  , a busy road might not     19    _amotion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure-sensitive mat would be more    20      to limit the surveyed area.

　　1.

　　A. Through

　　B. Despite

　　C. Besides

　　D. Without

　　2.

　　A. revealing

　　B. demanding

　　C. improving

　　D. tracing

　　3.

　　A. experience

　　B. convenience

　　C. guidance

　　D. reference

　　4.

　　A. previously

　　B. temporarily

　　C. successively

　　D. eventually

　　5.

　　A. held on

　　B. started out

　　C. settled down

　　D. went by

　　6.

　　A. relations

　　B. volumes

　　C. benefits

　　D. sources

　　7.

　　A. useful

　　B. simple

　　C. flexible

　　D. stable

　　8.

　　A. call for

　　B. yield to

　　C. insist on

　　D. act as

　　9.

　　A. As well as

　　B. In terms of

　　C. Thanks to

　　D. Rather than

　　10.

　　A. connected

　　B.shared

　　C. represented

　　D. occupied

　　11.

　　A. allow

　　B. expect

　　C. require

　　D. direct

　　12.

　　A. adopt

　　B. lead

　　C. clear

　　D. change

　　13.

　　A. adapting to

　　B. deriving from

　　C. relying on

　　D. pointing at

　　14.

　　A. Once

　　B. Since

　　C. Unless

　　D. Although

　　15.

　　A. records

　　B. positions

　　C. principles

　　D. reasons

　　16.

　　A. controls

　　B. analyses

　　C. produces

　　D. mixes

　　17.

　　A. decorate

　　B. compare

　　C. protect

　　D. complement

　　18.

　　A. In couclusion

　　B. By contrast

　　C. For example

　　D. Above all

　　19.

　　A. identify

　　B. suit

　　C. secure

　　D. include

　　20.

　　A. appropriate

　　B. obvious

　　C. impressive

　　D. delicate

　　答案：(1-5)DCBAB  (6-10)CADAD  (11-15)ACCDC  (16-20)BDCBA

　　Section II Reading Comprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions:

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANS WER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

　　Nearly 2000 years ago, as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland, they left behind a curious treasure:10 tons of nails, nearly a million of the things. The nail hoard was discovered in 1960 in a four- metre- deep pit covered by two metres of gravel.

　　Why had the Romans buried a million nails? The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed, and they didn't want the local Caledoions getting their hands on 10 tons of weapons grade iron. The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennial.

　　Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith's labour in a nail even　more than the raw material. As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts, early 17th-century Virginians would sometimes burn down their homes if they were planning to relocate. This was an attempt to recover the valuable nails, which could be reused after sifting the ashes.

　　The price of nails fell by 90% between the late 1700s and mid-1900s, as economist Daniel Sidel points out in a research paper. According to Sidel, although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy, most of the credit goes to nail manufacturers who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.

　　Nails themselves have changed over the years, but Siched studied them because they haven't changed much. Roman lamps and Roman chariots are very different from LED strips and sports cars, but Roman nails are still clearly nails. It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since 1695, but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.

　　I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of these objects: their price. I am an economist, after all. After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing I've learned is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype, it' s the cheap technologies that change the world.

　　The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost-and it would have achieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on, thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper. Solar panels had few niche uses until they became cheap; now they are transforming the global energy system.

　　21.Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of    .

　　A、saving them for future use

　　B、keeping them from rusting

　　C、letting them grew in value

　　D、hiding them from local

　　22.The example of early 17th-century Virginians is used to    .

　　A、highlight the thriftiness of early American colonists

　　B、illustrate the high status of blacksmiths in that period

　　C、contrast the attitudes of different civilizations toward nails

　　D、show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time

　　23. What played the major role in lowering the price of nail after the late 1700?

　　A、Increased productivity

　　B、wider use of new energies

　　C、Fierce market competition

　　D、reduced cost of raw material

　　24、It can be learned from Paragraph 5 that nails     .

　　A、have undergone many technological improvements

　　B、have remained basically the same since Roman times

　　C、are less studied than other everyday product

　　D、are one of the world's most significant inventions

　　25. Which of the following one best summaries the last 2 paragraphs?

　　A、cheap technologies bring about revolutionary change

　　B、technological innovation is integral to economic success

　　C.technology defines people's understanding of the world

　　D.sophisticated technology developed small inventions

　　答案：(21-25)DDABA

Text2

　　Parenting tips obtained from hunter-gatherers in Africa may be the key to bringing up more contented children , researchers have suggested. The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana ,where each child is cared of by many aduls. Kung children as young as four will help to look after younger ones and "baby-wearing " , in which infants are carried in slings is considered thnorm.

　　According to Dr Nikhil Chaudhary, an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge Universty, these practices, knows as alloparenting,could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.

　　Dr Annie Swanepoel , a child psychiatrist , believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life. In Germary , one scheme has paired an old people's home with a nursery. The residents help to look after the children , an arrangement akin to all oparenting ,Anoth meaure could be encouraging friendships between chldren in different school years to mirro the super vised mixed-age play grops in hunter-gatherer communities.

　　In a paper pulished in the Journal of child Pychology and Psychiatry , researchers said that the western nuclear family was a recent invention which broke with evolutionary history. This abrupt shift to an "intensive mothering narrative ",which suggests that mothers should manage child care alone , was likely to have been harmful ." "Such narratives can lead to maternal exhaustion and have danggerous consequences," they wrote.

　　By contrast, in hunter-gatherer societies adults other than the parents can provide almost half of a child's care. One previous study looked at the people of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It found that infants had an average of 14 all   parents a day by the time they were 18 weeks old and were passed between care givers eight times an hour.

　　Chaudhary said that parents now had less child care support from family and social networks than during most of humans evolutionary history,but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression,which could have a " knock-on" benefit to child's wellbeing .Aninfant born to a hunter- gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers -this contrasts starkly to nursery setting in the uk where regulation can for a ratio fone carer to four children aged two to three.

　　While hunter-gatherer children leand learnt from observation and imiation in mixed-age playgroups , researchers said that western "instructive teahing",where pupils are asked to sit stil,many contribute to condititns such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . Chaud hary said that Britain should emplore the possibility that older siblings helping their parents" might also enhance their own social development"

　　26.According to the first two paragraph, alloparenting offers to the practice of    .

　　A.sharing child care among community members

　　B.assigning babies to specific adult caregivers

　　C.teaching parenting details to older children

　　D.carrying infants around by their parent

　　27.The scheme in Germany is mentioned to illustrate

　　A.an attempt to facilitate intergenerational communication

　　B.an approach to integrating alloparenting into western culture

　　C.the conventional parenting style in western culture

　　D.the differences between western African ways of living

　　28.According to Paragraph 4, the "intensive mothering narrative"

　　A.alleviate parenting pressure

　　B.considerate family relationships

　　C.results in the child-centered family

　　D.departs from the course of evolution

　　29.According to Paragraph 6, what can we learn about nursery in the UK?

　　A.They tend to fall short of official requirements.

　　B.They have difficulty finding enough caregivers.

　　C.They ought to improve their carer-to-child ratio.

　　D.They should try to prevent parental depression.

　　30. Which of the following would be the best title?

　　A.Instructive teaching: a dilemma for anxious parents

　　B.For a happier family, learn from the hunter-gatherers

　　C.Mix-aged playgroup, a better choice for lonely children

　　D.Tracing the history of parenting: from Africa to Europe

　　答案：(26-30)

Text 3

　　Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes. He has made illustrations for games such as Sony' s Horizon Forbidden West, Ubisoft' s Anno, Dungeons & Dragons, and Magic: The Gathering. And he' s become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.

　　His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion, which was launched late last month. The tool, along with other popular image-generation AI models, allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts. For example, type in" Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski," and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski' s style.

　　But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet, often without permission and proper attribution to artists. As a result, they are raising tricky questions about ethics and copyright. And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.

　　According to the website Lexica, which tracks over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion, Rutkowski' s name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times. Some of the world' s most famous artists, such as Michelangelo, Pablo Picasso, and Leonardo da Vinci, brought up around 2,000 prompts each or less. Rutkowski' s name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of another text-to-image generator, Midjourney. Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences. Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published. The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn't his.

　　"It' s been just a month. What about in a year? I probably won' t be able to find my work out there because [the internet] will be flooded with AI art," Rutkowski says. "That's concerning."

　　"There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this," says Ortiz. The group is in its early days of mobilization, which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation. One suggestion is that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain, and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists, Ortiz says.

　　31.hat can be learned about Rutkowski from the first two paragraphs?

　　A. He is enthusiastic about AI generation painting.

　　B.He is popular with the users of an Al art generator.

　　C.He attracts admiration from other illustrators.

　　D.He specializes in classical painting digitalization.

　　32.The problem with open-source AI art generators is that they

　　A.lack flexibility in responding to prompts

　　B.produce artworks in unpredictable styles

　　C.make unauthortized use of online images

　　D.collect user information without consent

　　33.After searching online, Rutkowski found

　　A.a unique way to reach audiences

　　B.a new method to identify AI images

　　C.Al-generated work bearing his name

　　D.heated disputed regarding his copyright

　　34. According to Ortiz, Al companies are advised to

　　A. campaign for new policies or regulations

　　B. offer their services to public institutions

　　C. strengthen their relationships with Al users

　　D.adopt a different strategy for Al model training

　　35. What is the text mainly about?

　　A. Artists' responses to Al art generation.

　　B. Al's expanded role in artistic creation.

　　C. Privacy issues in the application of Al.

　　D.Opposing views on AI development.

　　答案：(31-35)BCCCA

Text 4

　　The miracle of the Chesapeake Bay lies not in its depths,but in the complexity of its natural construction, the interaction of fresh and saline waters, and the mix of land and water. The shallows provide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters, filtering pollutants from water,and protecting nearby commumities from potentially destructive storm surges.

　　All this was put at great risk late last month,when the U.S.Supreme Court issued a ruling in an case that provides the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways. Specifically,a 5-4 majority decided that wetlands protected by the EPA under its Clean Water Act authority must have a "continuous surface connection" to bodies of water. This narrowing of the regulatory scope was a victory for builders,mining operators and other commercial interests often at odds with environmental rules.And it carries "significant repercussions for water quality and flood control throughout the United States,"as Justice Brett Kavanaugh observed.

　　In Maryland, the good news is that there are many state laws in place that provide wetlands protections. But that' s a very shortsighted view, particularly when it comes to the Chesapeake Bay. The reality is that water,and the pollutants that so often come with it,don't respect state boundaries.The Chesapeake draws from a 64,000-square-mile watershed that extends into Virginia,Pennsylvania, New York,West Virginia, the District of Columbiaand Delaware. Will those jurisdictions extend the same protections now denied under Sackett v.EPA? Perhaps some,but all?That seems unlikely.

　　It is too easy,and misleading,to see such court rulings as merely standing up for the rights of land owners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors. And it' s a reminder that the EPA' s involvement in the Chesapeake Bay Program has long been crucial the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states. Pennsylvania farmers, to use one telling example,aren't thinking about next year' s blue crab harvest in Maryland when they decide whether to spread animal waste on their fields, yet the runoff into nearby creeks can have enormous impact downstream.

　　And so we would call on state lawmakers from Richmond to Albany to consider reviewing their own wetlands protections and see for themselves the enormous stakes involved. We can offer them a visit to Black water National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where bald angles fly over tidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them but teaming with aquatic life.It' s worth the scenic drive.

　　36.The Chesapeake Bay is described in paragraph 1 as        .

　　[A] a valuable natural environment

　　[B] a controversial conservation area

　　[C] a place with commercial potential

　　[D] a headache for nearby communities.

　　37.The U.S.Supreme Court's ruing in the Idaho case       .

　　[A] reinforces water pollution control

　　[B] weakens the EPA's regulatory power

　　[C] will end conflicts among local residents

　　[D] may face opposition from mining operators

　　38.How does the author fell about future of the Chesapeake Bay ?        .

　　[A] worried

　　[B]Puzzled

　　[C]Relieved

　　[D] Encouraged

　　39.What can be inferred about the EPA' s involvement in the Chesapeake Bay Program?

　　[A] It has restored the balance among neighboring jurisdictions.

　　[B] It has triggered a radical reform in commercial fisheries

　　[C] It has set a fine example of respecting state authorities.

　　[D] It has ensured the coordination of protection efforts.

　　40.The author holds that the state lawmakers should        .

　　[A] be cautious about the influence of landowners

　　[B]attach due importance to wetlands protections

　　[C] recognize the need to expand wildlife refuges

　　[D] improve the well being of endangered species

　　答案：(36-40)ABADB 

　　Part B

　　Directions:

　　(41) Hannah

　　Simply, there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel to the Smithsonian Institutionto see that part of their history and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes. These should be available to them as part of their cultural heritage and history and as a source of national pride. There is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they were left. They serve no purpose in a museum in the United States or elsewhere except as curious objects. They cannot be compared to works of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and place to place by purchase.

　　(42) Buck

　　We know very exact reproductions of artwork can be and are regularly produced. Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearly exact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities. The context of any exhibit is more important to me than whether the object being displayed is 2,000 years old or 2 months old. In many cases the experts have a hard time agreeing on what is the real object and what is a forgery. Again, the story an exhibit is trying to tell is what matters. The monetary value of the objects on display is a distant second place in importance.

　　(43) Sara

　　When visiting the Baltimore Museum of Art, I came across a magnificent15th-century Chinese sculpture. It inspired me to learn more about the culture that it represented. Artifacts in museums have the power to inspire, and perhaps spark that need to learn and understand the nature of their creators. Having said that,I do eeeerrceway to public museums should, in fact, be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan, legally purchased, or obtained by treaty. Stealing artifacts from other peoples' cultures is obscene; it robs not only the physical objects, but the dignity and spirit of their creators.

　　(44) Victor

　　Ancient art that is displaced in foreign countries should be returned*

　　(45) Julia

　　To those of you in the comments section, by all means, who are having strong feeling about artifacts being removed from cities in the US and Britain, I would ask you to consider.....

　　A.It's clear that the countries of origin have never been compensated for the stolen architects.

　　B.It's a flawed line of reasoning to argue against returning artifacts to their countries of arranging.

　　C.Museum visitors can still learn as much from artifacts copies after the originals are returned.

　　D. Reproductions, even if perfectly made, cannot take the place of the authentic objects.

　　E. The real value of artifacts can only be recognized in their countries of arranging rather than anywhere else.

　　F. Ways to get artifacts from other countries must be decent and lawful.

　　G. Concern over security is no excuse for refusing to return the artifacts of other countries.

　　答案：41.E 42.C 43.F 44.G 45.B

　　翻译：

　　"Elephants never forget"- or so they say-and that piece of folklore seems to have some foundation.

　　The African savanna elephant also known as the African bush elephant, is distributed across 37 African countries. 

　　(46)They sometimes travel more than sixty miles to finrking out where other elephants are-even when they are out of sight. Using tracking devices, researchers have shown that they have "remarkable spatial acuity", when finding their way to waterholes, they headed off in exactly the right direction, on one occasion from a distance of roughly thirty miles. What is more, they almost always seem to choose the nearest water hole. 

　　(47) The researchers are convinced that the elephants always know precisely where they are in relation to all the resources they need, and can therefore take shortcuts, as well as following familiar routes.Although the cues used by African elephants for long-distance navigation are not yet understood, smell may well play a part.Elephants are very choosy eaters, but until recently little was known about how they selected their food. 

　　(48) One possibility was that they merely used their eyes and tried out the plants they found, but that would probably result in a lot of wasted time and energy, not least because their eyesight is actually not very good.

　　(49)The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way, and they are very characteristic: Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature.What is more, they can be detected even when they are not actually visible. New research suggests that smell is a crucial factor in guiding elephants- and probably other herbivores-tothe best food resources. The researchers first established what kinds of plant the elephants preferred either to eat or avoid when foraging freely. They then set up a "food station" experiment, in which they gave elephants a series of choices based only on smell. 

　　( 50 ) The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat, and secondly to assess the quality of the trees within each patch.Free-ranging elephants presumably also use this information to locate their preferred food.

　　46．它们有时会跋涉60多英里去寻找食物或者水，并且非常善于找出其它大象在哪里﹣即使这些大象在视线之外。

　　47．研究人员确信，关于他们所需的所有资源，大象总是准确地指导自己在哪里，因此他们可以走捷径，也可以沿着熟悉的路线走。

　　48．一种可能性是，他们只是用眼睛来试验发现的植物，但这可能会浪费大量的时间和精力，尤其因为它们的视力实际上不是很好。

　　49．植物产生的挥发性化学物质可以散发很远的距离，而且这些物质非常有特点：每一种植物或树木都有自己独特的气味特征。

　　50．试验表明，大象可以很好地利用嗅觉来识别适合食用的树木片区，其次评估每个片区内树木的品质。

　　Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your answers on the ANS WER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Writing

　　Part A

　　Suppose you receive an email from your firend, and write him a reply.

　　Dear Li Ming,

　　I've got a class assignment to make an orod report on an ancient. Chinese Scienctist,but I don't know how to prepare for it. Can you give me some advice? Thank you for your help.

　　Yours,

　　Paul

　　Dear Paul,

　　I am extremely delighted to receive your email and know that you are preparing for an oral report. Now I am writing, after careful consideration, to give you some suggestions.

　　As far as I am concerned, you could report Li Shizhen, a famous ancient doctor in Song Dynasty. First and foremost, he made great contributions to Chinese medicine and left a large number of academic masterpieces, so it will be easier for you to gather enough information for your report. In addition, as a student majoring in medicine, having a good knowledge of Li Shizhen is beneficial for your future study.

　　I sincerely hope the suggestions above are conducive to you. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me. I am looking forward to your reply.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

Part B

　　There is a picture and a bar chart presented above. In the left picture, a little boy is pointing to the recently built park and saying, "This park is really nice," with a few people running and walking behind him.The right graph shows changes in the number of parks from 2020 to 2022, with the number rising from 406 to 670.

　　The meaning of the two pictures is obvious. Firstly, an increasing number of people realize the importance of health, so parks that can provide fresh air and beautiful scenery have become people's first choice. In addition, the increase in the number of parks also depends on government policies. Without government' s support, relevant departments will not invest enough budget in park construction.

　　Of course, the phenomenon is also closely related to economic development. It is precisely because of economic development that people have more time and mood to go to parks and enjoy life, and the government has more money to carry out infrastructure construction.

　　Overall, the phenomenon mentioned in the previous paragraph has many underlying reasons. I am convinced that building more parks are beneficial for both individuals and society.

　　以上就是mbacnn为各位考研生整理的“2024年考研英语（二）真题”，如果针对在职研究生择校不清楚的，可以在右侧 留言或咨询，最后希望大家都可以考出好的成绩。